In July 2024, German airports recorded a noticeable increase in passenger traffic due to the summer holidays and the associated travel. The figures show a gradual recovery in the aviation sector, even if the momentum has slowed compared to previous months.
With 21.19 million passengers arriving and departing in July, airports recorded an increase of 3.5 percent compared to the same month last year. However, the recovery rate, which measures the degree of recovery to the pre-crisis level of 2019, remains at only 85.1 percent, making Germany one of the markets with the slowest recovery in Europe.
A significant increase in passenger numbers is expected for the summer holidays compared to June 2024, when around 1.2 million fewer passengers were counted. Growth compared to July 2023 is 3.5 percent, but the figures remain 14.9 percent below the crisis levels of 2019. What is particularly striking is that the recovery rate for the whole of July is 85.1 percent, making Germany one of the slowest recovering markets in Europe.
Overall, cargo volume grew to 403,027 tonnes, an increase of 4.2 percent compared to the previous year. However, compared to July 2019, this represents a slight decrease of 0.8 percent. The number of commercial flight movements also rose by 3.2 percent to 172,754 take-offs and landings in July. Nevertheless, only 81.2 percent of flight movements were carried out compared to 2019, which indicates that the market has not yet fully recovered.
Segment analysis: Intercontinental connections on the road to recovery, domestic German connections stagnating
The intercontinental traffic markets are showing a positive recovery. With 3.92 million passengers in July and 5.0 percent year-on-year, the recovery rate for this sector is 94.2 percent compared to 2019. Long-haul flights have almost reached crisis levels and are experiencing strong demand.
In contrast, domestic German connections are stagnating. Here, the number of passengers fell by around 100,000 in July compared to the previous month and recorded a decline of 2.0 percent compared to the previous year. Particularly striking is the significant shortfall compared to 2019, when almost half of the passengers (-48.0 percent) were missing. The lack of competition and a limited range of services are having a negative impact on demand, which is exacerbated by a lack of connections and occasional flight cancellations.
European traffic shows a mixed picture. Although passenger volumes increased by a seasonal 6.1 percent compared to June, growth slowed to 3.9 percent compared to the previous year. The recovery rate is 90.8 percent, which indicates a continued recovery but also indicates a gradual slowdown in growth.
Annual outlook: catch-up effects and structural challenges
In the first year in January and July 2024, 117.91 million passengers were counted on German flights, compared to 9.0 million in the same period last year. Despite this growth, all distance classes are showing single-digit growth rates. This indicates that the catch-up effects of the pandemic are largely over and growth is no longer as dynamic as in previous years.
The distribution of market segments also illustrates these trends. While domestic German traffic recorded 13.54 million passengers, a growth of 5.1 percent over the previous year, the number of passengers remained at just 49.7 percent compared to 2019. In European traffic, the number rose to 81.0 million passengers, which corresponds to an increase of 9.4 percent over the previous year and reaches 89.2 percent of the volume of 2019. Intercontinental traffic grew by 10.0 percent to 23.17 million passengers, reaching 93.5 percent of the pre-crisis level.
Cargo market: Positive growth in unloadings, stagnation in loadings
Air freight volumes are showing a positive trend, particularly in terms of unloadings. In July, unloadings rose by 7.8 percent to 196,170 tons, while invitations were accepted by only 1.0 percent to 206,858 tons. Compared to 2019, invitations fell by 2.3 percent, while unloadings rose by 1.0 percent. For the period January to July 2024, air freight volumes totaled 2,762,536 tons, an increase of 2.4 percent compared to the previous year. While unloadings increased by 5.0 percent, invitations almost stagnated.
The dates for July 2024 are in the mixed balance for flights to Germany. While international travel and cargo volumes are showing positive trends, domestic German connections continue to struggle with challenges. The slow recovery compared to pre-crisis levels and the ongoing structural problems in the domestic German market highlight the difficulties facing the aviation market. Future developments will depend on how quickly the market can continue to develop and the extent to which structural adjustments and competitive conditions will affect the various transport segments.
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